Sleep Apnea Treatment

Sleep Breathing Disorders (SBD)

SRD (Sleeping respiratory disorders)

Central Apnea OSAHS Central alveolar hypoventilation of the obsese Congenital central alveolar hypoventilation Secondary nocturnal respiratory disorders

ICSD-2 (The International Classification of sleep. AASM, 2005.

The SBD covers a number of different diseases, which cause alterations in respiratory function, expressed exclusively during sleep and usually related to a reduction of the pharyngeal amplitude. In the latest International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-2) exist a separate category that includes the central apnea syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, sleep hypoventilation and hypoxemia, hypoventilation and hypoxemia related to medical disease and other disorders. To this list we will incorporate increased resistance syndrome of the upper airway (IRSUA), an entity with similar pathological development to the apnea syndrome (OSA) and many authors consider a clinical entity of intermediate development between the snoring and the genesis OSAHS. Because of this order, snoring appears displaced as an isolated symptom and is not included as a disease entity itself. From our point of view, in the review of nocturnal respiratory disorders, snoring is impossible to separate from entities such as the IRSUA or the sleep apnea.

SORD (Sleep Obstructive respiratory disorders)

Chronic snoring Increased resistance syndrom of The Upper airway (IRSUA) OSAHS

All the SBD originate in anatomic and functional alterations of the upper airway (UA) that, depending on the severity of clinical manifestations, lead to different pathologies. The more grave forms (IRSUA and OSAHS) are always preceded by the presence of simple snoring.

SRD (Sleeping respiratory disorders)

Central Apnea OSAHS Central alveolar hypoventilation of the obsese Congenital central alveolar hypoventilation Increased upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) Secondary nocturnal respiratory disorders

The most common entity is the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, which presents a picture of repeated episodes of partial or total cessation of ventilatory signal accompanied by respiratory effort and unconscious arousals. Abnormalities in breathing, causing alterations in the normal sleep pattern due to repeated disruptions that cause excessive symptoms of daytime sleepiness as the most obvious manifestation. Similarly, alterations or interruptions of airflow are linked to serious cardiovascular consequences, which are directly related to oxygen absence.